Essay Topics For Race and Ethnic Relations

Essay Topics For Race and Ethnic RelationsOne of the most important aspects of an essay writing career is finding race and ethnic relations essay topics. Many people put off reading ethnic relations essays because they fear what the topics may be about, but this fear does not have to be correct. Some topics for ethnic relations essays are as usual as family life, friendship, relationships and love. These topics can all be used to great effect and it would be quite helpful to get people to discuss their views on them in class or when doing research in their school.The actual subject of an essay topic is often the deciding factor as to how well the topic will be received by the student. It can be as simple as a short comment on the amazing weather in a certain area, a single paragraph that contains a bit of humor, a very dramatic story about a difference of opinion, or a letter to the editor piece. There are many more topics that can be used as essays, and with a little creativity the diversity of topic can be far greater than what you could come up with by simply selecting one essay topic.Writing about a particular theme is much more useful than choosing a random one, because it gives a different look to your essay. The reader is more likely to see the topic and come to a more focused point when he or she sees something that is different from what they are used to. With a topic such as a story of a struggle between cultures, the reader will be left wondering what your point is, or why you are writing the story.It's never too late to start writing about a topic that you feel passionate about. As a student it is almost always going to be best to put yourself in the shoes of the other person who will read your essay topic. So when you write, try to make it something you are curious about. Perhaps the essay will bring up some other topic that is not talked about in the class, or will give you insight into how your own culture or religion fits into the world.If you d ecide to go ahead and write about race and ethnic relations, then it is important to create a topic that is both interesting and meaningful. Use the information you gather to share some stories about events, places and things you have learned about, so that you will get a better idea of what you are writing about.But before you can put anything into your essay you must think about how much the topic will affect the overall impact of your essay. The impact will depend on how much you can bring information to the reader, if you can highlight any potential arguments, or if you can make your topic seems well thought out.When you are writing, make sure that you choose a topic that you are interested in. The reason why is because you want to be original, but also because you want the reader to feel you are passionate about what you are writing about. You can also talk about topics that you think the reader would be interested in, but make sure you read the topic carefully.

Biography of Brian May, Rock Star and Astronomer

In the late 1960s, Brian Harold May was an eager student in physics, studying to become an astronomer. He also happened to be a gigging musician. In 1968, he came to musical attention with the band Smile, and later went on to headline tours as part of the band Queen. In 1974, he put his studies aside to perform and tour with Queen.   With the death in 1991 of lead singer Freddie Mercury, Brian May embarked on a solo career as a musician even while performing with Queen and other musicians. Yet, as he has often noted, his past as a scientist never strayed far from his mind. Eventually, Brian May went back to school to finish his work. In 2008, he was granted his Ph.D., and since then has  gone on to do more work in planetary science.   Fast Facts: Brian May Known For:  His astrophysics research on dust in the solar system as well as his role in the band QueenBorn: July 19, 1947 in Hampstead, EnglandParents: Fred and Ruth MayEducation: Hampton Grammar School;  Imperial College London, B.S. in 1968 with honors; Imperial College London, Ph.D. in  2008Key Accomplishments: Knighted  by Queen Elizabeth II in 2005 as a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire Early Years and Music Career Brian Harold May was born in Hampton, Middlesex, England on July 19, 1947. His father, Harold May, worked for the Ministry of Aviation. His mother Ruth, was of Scottish descent. May attended schools in the area, and  went on to study physics and mathematics at Imperial College, London. He graduated in 1968 and began studies toward his Ph.D. that year. He was first married to Christine Mullen in 1974 and they had three children. In 1986, he met actress Anita Dobson and subsequently divorced his first wife so they could marry. Dobson has been with May throughout his musical career with Queen as well as his solo musical performances. Brian May went on to become a world-famous musical performer both with his band, Queen, as well as a noted solo performer.   Career in Astrophysics As a graduate student, May had been interested in studying dust particles in the solar system and had published two research papers. Eager to resume that work, he enrolled as a graduate student again in 2006. He finished his studies and got himself back up to speed on studies of dust particles during the years hed been away touring as a musician. His thesis work, titled A Survey of Radial Velocities in the Zodiacal Dust Cloud was submitted in 2007,  37 years after he started the research. He used techniques of absorption spectroscopy and Doppler spectroscopy to study the light scattered by dust particles in the solar system. He did his work at Teide Observatory in the Canary Islands. After review by his advisors and a thesis committee, Brian Mays thesis was accepted. He was awarded his doctorate on May 14, 2008.   May went on to become a visiting researcher at Imperial College, where he continues to do work.  He has also been involved the New Horizons mission to the planet Pluto as a science team collaborator due to his solar system work. He acted as chancellor of Liverpool John Moores University from 2008-2013 and has appeared numerous times on such programs as BBCs Sky at Night show. He wrote books with the late astronomer Sir Patrick Moore and writer Chris Lintott. Activism and Additional Interests Thanks to his work with the late Sir  Moore, May participated in the efforts to save Moores estate and effects. He is also an avid supporter of animal rights and animal welfare. He continues to raise funds and awareness of issues involving wildlife in the UK and elsewhere. May has contributed his musical talents to spread the word about issues involving hunting and culling of animals in his home country.   Quite apart from his activities in astronomy, music, and animal rights, Brian May is also a collector of Victorian stereography.  He has written a book about T.R. Williams, the English stereographer. This hobby started when May was still in graduate school in the 1970s and has given him a massive collection of stereo pair images. He has also patented a viewer called the Owl Viewer, which  can be used to examine the stereographic scenes in his latest book.   Accomplishments In addition to his immense success with the band Queen, Brian May has achieved notable success in the field of astrophysics. Asteroid 52665 Brianmay was named after him, as was a species of damselfly  (heteragron brianmayi). In 2005, he was given a Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (CBE) by Queen Elizabeth II for his achievements in music.  He is a Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society. Sources â€Å"BRIAN MAY BIOGRAPHY.†Ã‚  BRIANMAY.COM || THE OFFICIAL BRIAN MAY WEBSITE, brianmay.com/brian/biog.html.â€Å"Secret Science Nerds: Queens Lead Guitarist Brian May Is an Astrophysicist.†Ã‚  Nerdist, 22 Aug. 2016, nerdist.com/secret-science-nerds-queens-lead-guitarist-brian-may-is-an-astrophysicist/.Talbert, Tricia. â€Å"Rock Star/Astrophysicist Dr. Brian May Backstage With New Horizons.†Ã‚  NASA, NASA, 21 July 2015, www.nasa.gov/feature/rock-starastrophysicist-dr-brian-may-goes-backstage-with-new-horizons.

Anti Social Disorder Essay - 2567 Words

Anti-Social Personality Disorder In a world full of fears, perhaps the worst one a human being should have is that to be afraid of his fellow man. The human that should be most feared is the one that has Anti-Social Personality Disorder or in laymens terms the psychopath. The psychopath is probably the most deviant mind that exists and treatment is not very successful because there is not a cure or drug to control it. The solution in my mind to control the problem of sociopaths is to let them live in colonies with each other. Through my research I will develop an understanding of this personality disorder and convince you the reader that my solution might be a viable solution. The sociopath is a combination of other mental†¦show more content†¦The behavior of a sociopath is so close to normal it is extremely hard to diagnose. A sociopath is a person that acts against society and their sole purpose it seems is to act against the laws of the given land their end. The sociopath will in most cases become violent and abuse drugs and alcohol to facilitate the violent behavior. The violence in many cases is the result of sub-concious decisions that might lead to murdering or assaulting someone for no reason. When a sociopath is attacking someone they will inflict more pain if the victim fights back. The lack of moral development lets the person feel no guilt or pain for what they did and quite possibly feel great about their actions. A sociopath has little self regard for themselves and pays little attention to their own personal safety when picking fights. Quite often they will be outsized and get hurt. Some sociopaths are non-violent and stay out of prison by doing small crimes like swindling and insurance fraud. It is possible that a sociopath will come from a normal home but their are more that do not. A sociopath has the opposite morals of society and by doing things like beating up people that are stronger than them they feel like they did something positive. A psychopath is very reactive and will blow their cool because of little things and no doubt assault the person they are reacting to. There is a possibility that saratonin a chemical that is linked to behavior hasShow MoreRelatedAnti Social Personality Disorder?1866 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Anti-social personality disorder is a relatively new umbrella term that includes the definitions of both the disorders of psychopath, and sociopath. Anti-social personality disorder was added to the 5th Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders which was published in 2009 yet the terms psychopath and sociopath have histories that date back to the 19th and the 1930’s respectively. It is critical for our society to fully understand and develop an expanding view of peopleRead MoreAnti Social Personality Disorder ( Ocd )1327 Words   |  6 Pagespredisposition to having anti-social personality disorder â€Å"In 2013, an estimate of 679, 000 children were abused or neglected† (National Children’s Alliance, 2013). Abuse and/or neglect history in young adults can have strong impact physically and emotionally. Previous researchers have found that abuse and/or neglect in young adults can be one linked to personality disorders. They have found that Anti-social Personality Disorder (APD) can be one of the personality disorders that’s linked to abuseRead MoreAnti Social Personality Disorder Paper1862 Words   |  8 PagesAbstract Antisocial describes someone who is unable, or chooses not, to spend time with other people, and sometimes expresses their feelings in an unkind or rude way. People with Antisocial Personality Disorder (sociopath, psychopath) try to get their way without being considerate of others. They show spontaneous behavior, which humiliates or harms other people. They do not lack any feeling for or understanding of norms, nor have they any feeling of guilt. They do not seem to be able to plan actionsRead MorePsychopathy, Sociopathy And Anti Social Personality Disorder913 Words   |  4 PagesAre Psychopathy, Sociopathy and Anti-Social Personality Disorder the same? Psychopathy, sociopathy, and anti-social personality disorder, also known as ASPD, are three very similar disorders; so much so that it is a common question if they are the same disorder or not. All three of them are defined as people who have anti-social behaviours. All of these disorders are very common in people who disregard both the law and social norms, have no shame or guilt, and are occasionally violent; such asRead MoreA Short Note On Anti Social Personality Disorder1733 Words   |  7 PagesFurther Studies in Anti-Social Personality Disorder Anthony Williams Independent Study As I dive further into searching for understanding of the diagnosis of Anti-Social Personality Disorder (APD), I’ve learned that there are many twists and turns along the way. Although the previous paper focused mainly on the interview with Dr Weise and the system of incarceration that fed the notion of using a diagnosis to classify and segregate African-Americans, there is so much more toRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Anti Social Personality Disorder ( Aspd )924 Words   |  4 PagesQuestion No. 1: (Diagnosis and Symptoms Anti-social personality disorder (ASPD) is a chronic mental condition in which a person s ways of thinking, perceiving situations and relating to others are dysfunctional — and destructive. Persons with ASPD are often referred to as sociopaths or psychopaths and fail to conform to the social norm. The typical onset of ASPD is before the age of 8 years old and is fully evident between your twenty and thirties. The symptoms that are related with ASPD areRead MoreAnti Social Personality Disorder As Portrayed By Christian Bale2697 Words   |  11 Pages Anti-Social Personality Disorder in American Psycho as Portrayed by Christian Bale Martin Uli Bronx Community College Psychology 31 D - 04 November 2014 Abstract This paper utilizes three published articles as well as Patrick Bateman, the main character in the movie â€Å"American Psycho† to form a report on Antisocial personality disorder. The articles vary in their approach to the disorder, with each tackling a different aspect of Antisocial personality disorder. AllanRead More Psychopathy and Anti-Social Personality Disorder (ASPD) Essays3641 Words   |  15 Pagesfor many interesting story lines in books, television and movies. The idea of the ‘psychopath’ is usually misunderstood and merged with other dispositions such as Anti-Social Personality Disorder (ASPD), but these concepts are two distinct entities. Defining a ‘psychopath’ is a difficult task. Frist, psychopathy is a trait and not a disorder (Strickland et al, 2013). Characterizing psychopathy using the Diagnostic Statistical Manual Fifth Edition (DSM-V) has demonstrated effective trait-based coverageRead MoreAnti Social Personality Disorder Is C ategorized Under The Erratic Cluster Of Personality Disorders Essay1265 Words   |  6 PagesAnti-Social Personality Disorder is categorized under the erratic cluster of personality disorders. According to the DSM-V, ASPD is a pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence and continues into adulthood. For ASPD diagnosis, the individual must be at least 18 years old. However, the individual must have displayed symptoms of conduct disorder before the age of 15. The main characteristic of conduct disorder is persistent patternsRead MoreThe Dispersal Of Discipline1258 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿The dispersal of discipline in the UK via Anti-Social Behaviour legislation In recent years the Criminal Justice System has argued to reduce the prison population by incorporating punishment in the community through use of anti-social behaviour legislation (Gibbs, 2009). Behaviour once not suitable for criminalisation has been dubbed anti-social that may cause ‘harassment, alarm or distress’ (Home Office, 2003) which requires a form of punitive focus to prohibit risk to society, however the definition

Cyberspace Of Business Ethics Essay - 1590 Words

The cyber world has become a most important part of our everyday lives. We spend an increasingly significant portion of our lives in it and use it to communicate with friends, acquaintances, loved ones, and business associates. We make use of our computers and Internet connectivity to look for and purchase all kinds of goods and services. We use the web and all its powerful resources to educate ourselves and to gain knowledge. We are able to look for, join and keep up with special interest groups and to discuss topics of interest to us. We research serious as well as mundane issues on line.†¦show more content†¦It is important to note that what is unethical is not necessarily illegal. In our everyday life, many individuals and organizations faced with common ethical problems. There have been developments in biology and cybernetics that lead to a comprehensive theory of morality in which the rational nature of ethics can more easily be explained. Not only can the rise of ethi cal systems be linked to biological concepts, but ethics can be tied to mathematical concepts as well by way of cybernetic science. When ethics and cybernetics are combined, the resulting theory turns on scientific principles instead of philosophical speculations. There are several important ideas linked to the emergence of ethical systems: †¢ Ethical systems evolve in response to the human need to survive in an environment where they are competing with many other organisms for scarce resources; †¢ Humans survive and flourish by efficiently using their resources and energies; †¢ The evolution of ethical systems is a function of an ongoing cybernetic process involving all humans, animals, and organisms. Human experiences accumulate as a reservoir of knowledge, which influences the societal perception of which behaviors benefit people and which actShow MoreRelatedCyber Security And The Internet Essay1696 Words   |  7 PagesThe recent trend in the global business has been largely driven by the mechanism of the internet and more broadly the cyberspace. This has created a more elaborate platform for all business activities to be coordinated through an information system protocols. The information system is the management of the information data base of an organization or an institution. Information is assumed to be a significant asset, organisations strive to gather, retain and protect their valuable intellectual propertyRead MoreEssay on Marketing Cyberlaw1382 Words   |  6 PagesMarketing Cyberlaw Introduction Marketers must confront many legal issues in todays society in order to create a successful business. Many marketing elements are within their control however they must also deal with the competitions marketing strategies or new technologies. Marketers are quickly leaving their television, print, and radio ads to the way of the future, the Internet. Businesses local, regional, and national have quickly embraced the Internet as an inexpensive means of advertisingRead MoreHow Technology Has Changed At A Remarkable Speed1470 Words   |  6 Pagesconfidentiality, integrity or the availability of your information without your consent. In the past 25 years, technology has changed at a remarkable speed. The explosive growth of the Internet has changed the way we portray ourselves and conduct our business. E-commerce, Online Collaboration, and Social Media are all well-known examples of the modern era inventions. They have radically changed the way we live our lives and depict ourselves. The effects of technology can be seen in every genre. In factRead MoreThe Purpose Of A National Cybersecurity Strategy1421 Words   |  6 Pagesthese crucial facilities are increasingly becoming the topic of national consideration. The incidents that cause disruption of IT services and crucial infrastructures could disrupt the normal functioning of economy and society. For this reason, the cyberspace security is one of the serious challenges of the 21st century. Therefore, cyber security has been regarded as a strategic and horizontal national challenge that affects all levels of society (Rowe, B. R, 2012). The â€Å"national cyber security strategy†Read MoreMorality and Law in Cyberspace1800 Words   |  8 PagesJournal of Business Ethics Education 8: 431-434.  © 2011 NeilsonJournals Publishing. Book Review - Cyberethics: Morality and Law in Cyberspace, 4th Edition by Richard Spinello, Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2003 Jeffrey A. Roberts Duquesne University, USA In the fourth edition of CyberEthics: Morality and Law in Cyberspace David Spinello continues a long and rich tradition of contribution to the field of ethics education and research. In this most recent edition, Spinello, a managementRead MoreLinked on LinkedIn Essay1393 Words   |  6 Pagesword-of-mouth, or world-of-mouth, as the internet has become (Lister, et al, 2011). More and more employers and employees link together on LinkedIn, the second-largest social networking site in existence (Press, 2011). LinkedIn arguably represents the best business tool on the web for both recruiters and potential employees. LinkedIn launched on May 5, 2003 as the first of the major social networking sites, just in front of Facebook, which launched in February, 2004 ( ). By April 2004, just before its firstRead MoreElements of Contract Essay908 Words   |  4 Pagescontracts.† Boiler plates affect how disputes are resolved and how contracts are enforced. There are some common boilerplate provisions for contracts such as arbitration, jurisdiction, and waivers to name a few. Contracts are negotiated between business and unions. U.S. Newswire reported, â€Å"Our dedicated members work hard everyday, servicing hundreds of hotel patron while battling the elements year-round. They have the right to a new contract and deserve to be treated with dignity and respect.†Read MoreAn Information Security Program Mission1462 Words   |  6 Pagesa way that â€Å"aligns with organizational strategies by evaluating business requirements, applicable laws, regulations, standards, and best practices† (Module 2). More importantly businesses, governments, and other types of organizations need to incorporate cyber security to conduct business transactions, share information, and interact with customers and suppliers. Threats to the confidentiality, integrity and availability of cyberspace capabilities (e.g., hardware, software, and networks) are threatsRead MoreDefinitions of Intellectual Property993 Words   |  4 PagesDefinitions Intellectual Property Name Institutional Affiliation Date: Definitions Intellectual Property Definitions of intellectual property, its legal protections, and the impact of the moral justifications that exist in cyberspace Intellectual property defines a wide range of the property created by investors, artistes, authors, and musicians. The law governing intellectual property naturally includes the copyrights, trademarks, and patents law. Its main intention is to motivate the developmentRead MoreThe Importance of Legal and Ethnical Standards for Technology723 Words   |  3 Pageshelp experienced cyberspace travelers help the new users. The following list is a set of rules for Netiquette. The number one rule is to remember the human (Shea). This means do unto others as other do unto you. The second rule of Netiquette is to adhere to the same standards of behavior online that you follow in real life (Shea). Because people sometimes forget that there is a human being on the other side of the computer, some people think that a lower standard of ethics or personal behavior

J.L. Mackies Evil and Omnipotence Essay - 1652 Words

J.L. Mackies Evil and Omnipotence The philosopher J.L. Mackie wrote a very convincing piece on the problem of evil called â€Å"Evil and Omnipotence,† in which he attempts to show that one of the following premises must be false in order for them to be consistent with each other. #1. God is omnipotent. #2. God is morally perfect. #3. Evil exists. The problem of evil is a deductive a priori argument who’s goal is to prove the non-existence of God. In addition to Mackie’s three main premises he also introduces some â€Å"quasi-logical† rules that give further evidence to his argument. First he presumes that a good thing will eliminate evil to the extent that it can and second, that omnipotence has no limits. From these two â€Å"additional†¦show more content†¦Mackie saves the strongest and probably the most popular theistic response to this argument for last. The free will solution claims that the existence of 2nd order evils is not a product of God but of mankind’s own freewill. The supporters of this claim hold that freedom is a good even greater than 2nd order goods and believe that God is justified for letting 2nd order evils exist in exchange for the ultimate good of freedom. This is to say that even though God is omnipotent he chooses not to use his power to control the will of men. In comparison to the first two theistic responses this one seems to be the best. So it is surprising how easily Mackie disproves it. He asks, if God is all good and all powerful, and if free will is good enough to justify 2nd order evils, why didn’t he create men so that they would freely choose to do good? The only possible objection to this is to say that God’s power is limited and that he is not omnipotent. Also if God is omniscient doesn’t he already know the outcomes of the men which he has created? To truly allow man to have free will God would have to restrict his own power in order to be unable to control men and this leads us to the Paradox of omnipotence. Another attempt to prove the problem of evil is the evidential version of the argument. This argument attempts to show inductively that the existence of God is not likely. This form is muchShow MoreRelatedProblem Of Evil And The Free Will Defense1038 Words   |  5 PagesGall Harari PHI2010 Kearns 19 October 2017 Problem of Evil and the Free Will Defense Evil is something that exists in many forms. From big evils like Hitler’s Holocaust and slavery, to small evils like getting a papercut and getting stuck in the rain (perhaps to some this might be a big evil), evil is basically anything that is not good. For theologians, evil poses several problems, most notably when it comes to the existence of God. To most theologists, God has a set definition. God is definedRead More The God and Evil Problem Essay2279 Words   |  10 PagesThe God and Evil Problem A strong argument against the existence of a Christian God is contained in the theodicy problem. The existence of suffering is not compatible with an omniscient, omnipotent, omni benevolent superior being. An all-knowing being would be aware that suffering is and always will be in existence; an all-powerful being would be able to prevent suffering; and a perfectly good being would desire to end suffering. Many Christian thinkers have sought to justify this contradictionRead MoreThe Age Old Question That Is Still Being Debated Essay1888 Words   |  8 Pagesof the big questions such as: How can a good God allow suffering? Why does evil exist? Is God like many have attributed to Him, a watchmaker, who winds us up and lets it go until it runs out? How could God allow the Holocaust? The theological field of inquiry called â€Å"theodicy†, which investigates the basic question: If God is all powerful (omnipotent), all knowing (omniscient), and all-good, (omni-benevolent) how c an evil and injustice exist? Since reading Elie Wiesel’s soul shattering Night, thisRead MoreThe Problem Of Evil And The Field Of Social Work1905 Words   |  8 PagesThe problem of evil can be one of the hardest obstacles to overcome when it comes to believing in God. The fact that evil does not disprove God’s existence but, rather the existence of evil can be argued for the existence of God. The following will analyze the coexistence of God and evil through a series of steps in order to better defend the Christian faith through the intellectual defense, emotional arguments and connections to the field of social work. My professional future will be comprisedRead MoreFor God So Loved the World Essays923 Words   |  4 Pagesand God needed them in Heaven. Not satisfied with his answer, this experience haunted me for much of my childhood. Would God allow this to happen to me? I spent many years searching for answers. I recently read Richard Swinburne’s The Problem of Evil and realized that he confirmed the answers that I had found throughout the years. He argues that God created us as free agents in an imperfect world where we can learn right from wrong and build moral character from our experiences. Swinburne says

Pharmaceutical Mathematics Administering Medication

Question: Discuss about the Pharmaceutical Mathematicsfor Administering Medication. Answer: Definition of Pharmaceutical Mathematics Pharmaceutical Mathematics is the application of measurement and calculation tools for preparing, prescribing and administering medication. The major mathematical approaches considered for application in the field of pharmacy are statistical analysis methods, quantitative analysis and algebraic equations. Pharmaceutical mathematics enables a pharmacist to measure the proportion of ingredient for contributing to a proper medication mix (Prasacu and Mircioiu 2013). History/ Introduction to Pharmaceutical Mathematics One of the most promising areas of study and research for the specialists in pharmacy is the calculations utilised in pharmaceutical sciences. An individual might be having a vast knowledge of pharmacy; however, if the individual does not have the knowledge of mathematical calculations, he is not able to apply the learnt knowledge of pharmaceuticals in practice. Accurately performed calculations in matters of pharmacy is a critical component in the delivery of optimal patient care in all environments of pharmacy practice. It is also the duty of all technicians to carry out this responsibility. Though pharmaceutical calculations are not exaggeratedly critical, they always warrant flawless accuracy. Proper calculations lead to better patient outcomes since the better methods for treatment and prevention can inform best attempts for optimising patient care. For efficiently preparing and dispensing medications, it is desirable that a professional has the ability to perform a wide range o f calculations that are useful int he process of formulating medicines while their production is being considered. One must be continually aware of the scenario of patient harm that is likely to happen if an error occurs in the dosage calculation. It is, therefore, crucial for professionals to have adequate knowledge of calculation methods and to apply them in practice. Learning pharmaceutical is a step-by-step process where one step is dependent to a large extent on another. A good foundation base is necessary to support all the gathered knowledge, which is usually based on a well-rounded understanding of basic mathematical calculations. Technicians are expected to have sound knowledge of basic calculations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, while emphasising on metric conversions and other similar forms of calculations. This is to include knowledge of a traditional weight system used by apothecaries known as the apothecary system as well as basic household measurements and weights. In a natural progression, the mathematic calculations that are commonly applied are Roman and Arabic Numerals, Fractions and Decimals, Ratios, proportions, and percentages (Rees, Smith and Watson 2015). Application of Pharmaceutical Maths Before 2010 Important characteristics of mathematics have overlapped with other major disciplines of science, including pharmaceutical. A large number of researchers have considered medicine to be a vital area where mathematics is to be applied. Mathematics is being constantly applied in the field of pharmacy for designing the alterations in the targeted therapies. The basic areas where pharmaceutical mathematics were applied before the year 2010 were temperature scale conversions, working with prescriptions, basic medication calculations, basic infusion calculations, calculations for billing compounds, pharmacy business maths and parenteral dosage calculations. Temperature scale conversions were applied for adjusting temperature since temperature is vital for storage of medications owing to the need of maintaining the stability of the medications. The two temperatures that are commonly referred to for this purpose are Fahrenheit and Celcius. Calculations were necessary for decoding the essentia l informations embedded in prescriptions. This was in regards to the communication of information on medication formulation, preparation, dosage regimen as well as administration of medication. The goal was to demystify the drug nomenclature. Basic concepts of mathematics were applied for calculation of dosages while administrating medications in capsule or tablet form and liquid form. Percentage of the strength of the medication of solutions were also carried out. Basic infusion calculations had been considered for dilution of stock solutions, infusion rates, calculation of dosages on the basis of the weight of the body of the patient and paediatric dosing. The ratio-proportion method had been widely used for this purpose. Previously, calculations were done for billing compounds that took into consideration cost of ingredients, dispensing fee and cost of time. Pharmacists were, as a result, able to take part in the financial aspects of pharmacy dispersal and exchange. Pharmacy business maths-enabled the pharmacists to cultivate the art of pharmacy and successfully take care of inventory receiving and purchasing at the time of turnover. Parenteral dosage calculations were done for the administration of medications through routes apart from the GI tract (Langley and Perrie 2014). Advancement of Pharmaceutical Maths Between 2010-2017 It is to be highlighted that pharmaceutical mathematics has witnessed the major transformation in the last seven years. Some drastic advancements have come into limelight within this period in the context of pharmaceutical mathematic that have contributed to prosperity in pharmaceutical science. As one of the most trusted professionals, it is expected at the present times that pharmacists dispense medications accurately by correctly carrying out pharmaceutical calculations. Applications of Mathematics in Industrial Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics is found to have witnessed major developments in last one decade. Application of mathematics has evolved mainly in the field of institutional pharmacy. Institutional pharmacy refers to the practice of pharmacy for diagnosis and treatment of patients in long-term care facilities, family planning clinics, public health facilities, drug abuse treatment centers, convalescent homes, nursing homes, hospitals, rehabilitation centers, developmental di sability centers, extended care facilities, psychiatric centers, penal institutions, hospice, mental health facilities, and athletic facilities. With the application of mathematics, the technician in the contemporary world is able to handle a wide range of tasks from compounding of sterile products to chemotherapy and calculation of radioactive decay of an isotope used for application in stress tests. Pharmacist technician is making a remarkable improvement in delivering nutritional interventions to patients with diverse needs as they are now able to handle the application of micronutrients and macronutrients, precipitation concerns, calculation of calorie requirements for patients and determination of PN volume. Another area where pharmaceutical calculations are making developments is aliquot. An aliquot is the small amount of medication that is used for a variety of purposes. These include calculation of minimum measurable quantity (MMQ), calculation of desensitisation therapies a nd calculations of solids below the MMQ (Hyma 2017). References Hyma, P. 2017.Pharmaceutical mathematics with application to pharmacy. 1st ed. Langley, C. and Perrie, Y., 2014.Maths Skills for Pharmacy: Unlocking Pharmaceutical Calculations. Oxford University Press. Prasacu, I. and Mircioiu, C., 2013.Elements of Mathematics Applied in Pharmaceutical Sciences. " Carol Davila" University Press. Rees, J.A., Smith, I. and Watson, J., 2015.Introduction to pharmaceutical calculations. Pharmaceutical Press.

Assess the Role of the Tsar in the Fall of the Tsarist Regime free essay sample

In Russia, Tsarism had been the system of government since 1547, the country being ruled as an autocracy. For many years the Tsars had been powerful, strong and had the qualities needed to be a great leader, though in 1917, the Tsarist regime came to an end, with Nicholas Romanov II as the country’s current monarch. Tsar Nicholas played a great role in the fall of Tsarism; his incompetency and lack of leadership skills lead to downfall and created a communist Russia. Nicholas made many mistakes which triggered the collapse, which include failure to make the duma work and address the October Manifesto, his role in World War 1 and his decline in authority and support. Another point to consider was the Tsars’ decline in authority; this was a major factor which influenced the role of the Tsar in the regime. After Bloody Sunday Nicholas’ reputation had been damaged and his hold over the Russian public was starting to wane. We will write a custom essay sample on Assess the Role of the Tsar in the Fall of the Tsarist Regime or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Since becoming the Tsar in 1894, Nicholas had failed to embody any attributes of a strong leader. The Tsar had no interest in politics and ruling, as well as no knowledge as to how to rule a country; he did not understand his people especially the peasants whom suffered the most and were the majority of his people. This ultimately led to the fall of the Tsarist Regime as he did not know how to run the country in the first place. One of the first ways that Nicholas II brought on the fall of the Tsarist regime was his failure to address the problems that had arisen before and during the 1905 revolution. The citizens of Russia had disagreed with the way that he had been governing the country, and in result the people rebelled. The peasants who were made up the majority of the population had suffered years without recognition or support in their day to day lives. They took to the streets in an attempt to present their issues to their beloved Tsar, and the originally peaceful protest was made a bloodbath with over 1000 protesters killed. The position of the Tsar had been weakened and image as a much loved father figure was damaged. To repair the situation he created the October Manifesto which met the demands of some of the population to rectify the circumstances, but this had just made the situation worse. He had promised freedom of speech, person, conscience, assembly and union, the right to vote and a Duma (government) to assist with decision making, but none of these addressed the problems of the peasants who were the people who needed it most. He also had no desire for reform, and the Duma was only a consultative body, in which he could choose to take advice from. He also implemented fundamental laws which. Many Russians felt that this reform did not go far enough and were still very unhappy with the Tsar and his reign. In addition to the previous arguments, the Russo-Japanese war and World War One also played major roles in the fall of the Tsarist regime. In 1905, Russia entered the war with Japan with the impression that it would be an easy win, though it was the complete opposite. Hoping to rally the people around the tsar in a display of patriotism but instead it ultimately created a divide between Nicholas and his people. This was because the loss of the Russo-Japanese war lead people to feel negatively towards the government and hence the start of a revolution. The humiliation that such a large, ‘strong’ country lost to a much smaller, inferior country was strongly felt by Nicholas, as well as Russia as a whole. Nicholas’ involvement and role in World War One also influenced the fall of tsarist regime, and though the Russo-Japanese war had maddened many citizens, WW1 pushed many to breaking point, and in result the vicious battle took away any remaining support or respect for the Tsar. Nicholas went into battle entirely unprepared for what was to come, relying on the large numbers of the defense forces; he did not account for any other aspects of the war. By late 1914, there were already high casualty rates and it was clear that they were fighting a losing war; the Russian army was fighting a twentieth century battle with ninetieth century training and weaponry. Due to poor financial planning the Tsar sent men into battle with inadequate supplies, there were only enough rifles for two thirds of the whole army, many soldiers were not given the adequate clothing needed to survive the harsh weather and there were food shortages all over the nation, this meant that if the men didn’t die in battle they would surely either freeze or die of starvation. In addition to the many hardships of the soldiers on the battlefield, peasants also found it difficult to survive the many months. There were extreme food shortages all over the nation which resulted in price increases averaging 300%, and though wages increased the living standards dropped with many having to constantly withstand malnutrition and unsanitary conditions. Nicholas played a major role in the fall of the Tsarist Regime in Russia, through his poor leadership skills and naivety he caused one of the biggest government falls in the history of Russia. While in power he lost 2 wars, caused two revolutions and created a government which he later dissolved, and was the largest downfall in the history of Russia.